Cover Letter vs Letter of Interest: The Key Differences
People don’t write letters like they used to… except when it comes to job searching. While emails and LinkedIn messages dominate much of the hiring process, cover letters and letters of interest are still valuable tools for standing out. Each has a unique purpose in helping you secure your next opportunity.
Understanding the nuances between these two documents can make all the difference. Whether you’re applying for a specific job or introducing yourself to a company you admire, knowing how to use a cover letter or letter of interest effectively can set you apart.
Purpose of a Cover Letter
A cover letter is your chance to make a personalized introduction to a hiring manager. It accompanies your resume when applying for a specific job and serves as a space to connect your skills and experience to the role.
A strong cover letter names the position you’re applying for, highlights relevant qualifications, and provides examples that show you’re the ideal candidate. It’s your opportunity to bring your resume to life by offering context, like a standout accomplishment or a challenge you’ve overcome.
Typically addressed to the hiring manager, a cover letter should be concise—around three to four paragraphs—and end with a clear call to action, such as inviting them to schedule an interview. Most job applications provide instructions for submitting your cover letter, usually via an online system or as an email attachment.
Purpose of a Letter of Interest
A letter of interest takes a different approach. Instead of applying for a specific job, this document expresses your desire to work for a company, even if they’re not currently hiring. Think of it as planting a seed for future opportunities.
In a letter of interest, you’ll share why you’re reaching out, explain how your skills align with the company’s goals, and suggest where you could contribute. It’s proactive and shows initiative, which can leave a lasting impression on hiring managers.
Sending a letter of interest often involves more research. You’ll need to identify the appropriate contact person and tailor your message to the company’s needs. This effort demonstrates genuine enthusiasm and a commitment to joining their team.
Contrasts Between Cover Letter vs. Letter of Interest
Understanding when and how to use these documents will help you maximize their impact. Here’s a side-by-side comparison of their main differences:
Length
Cover letters are slightly longer because they’re tailored to specific job postings, with space to match your skills to the job description. Letters of interest, on the other hand, are shorter and to the point, as they’re designed to quickly capture attention without overwhelming the reader.
Tone
A cover letter is formal and professional, written to address the requirements of a job posting. A letter of interest, on the other hand, can be more conversational and enthusiastic. It’s about building a connection rather than responding to a specific need.
Situation
A cover letter is expected when applying for a job, so hiring managers are likely to read it carefully. With a letter of interest, you’re showing up unannounced in their inbox, meaning it needs to grab attention quickly.
Background research
A cover letter relies heavily on the job description, which outlines exactly what the employer is looking for. In contrast, a letter of interest requires deeper digging to identify the company’s priorities, pain points, and opportunities for you to add value.
When to Use a Cover Letter
You’ll use a cover letter in situations where you’re applying for a specific opportunity. These include:
- Applying for a publicly posted job: Most job applications require a cover letter, so don’t skip it unless explicitly stated.
- Pursuing an internal role or promotion: A cover letter helps demonstrate your qualifications and ambitions within your current organization.
- Submitting a professional application: Some non-employment opportunities, such as leadership programs or professional associations, may also request a cover letter.
When to Use a Letter of Interest
A letter of interest is your go-to when you’re exploring opportunities without a job posting. Common scenarios include:
- Admiring a company without active openings: If you’re drawn to a company’s culture or mission, a letter of interest shows your enthusiasm and initiative.
- Learning of upcoming but unlisted openings: Networking may reveal opportunities before they’re posted. A letter of interest can position you as a candidate early.
- Building a connection for the future: Even if there’s nothing available now, introducing yourself can set the stage for future opportunities.
Advice for Creating a Letter of Interest
1. Explain why you’re writing
Start with a clear introduction. Briefly explain who you are, why you’re reaching out, and what draws you to the company. Be specific, perhaps mentioning their innovative work in a particular area.
2. Suggest where you might fit in
Identify a potential role, department, or area where your skills could contribute. This helps the reader envision how you’d fit into their team.
3. Cite your qualifications
Share relevant skills, accomplishments, or experiences that demonstrate your value. Use measurable achievements to support your case, like increasing efficiency or generating revenue.
4. Make an ask
End with a clear call to action. Whether you’re requesting an informational interview or asking to be considered for future roles, let them know how they can follow up.
5. Thank them
Express genuine gratitude for their time. A polite and professional closing leaves a positive impression.
Letter of Interest Tips
Use action words
Dynamic language makes your letter engaging. Avoid passive voice and focus on strong, active verbs like “led,” “achieved,” or “implemented.”
Show your personality
Since you’re not responding to a job posting, use this opportunity to highlight what makes you unique. A little personality can go a long way in making your letter memorable.
Do your research
Mention specific projects, values, or initiatives that resonate with you. Demonstrating that you’ve done your homework shows serious interest.
Include supporting materials
Attach your resume, portfolio, or LinkedIn profile for further reading. These materials will give the recipient additional context and insight into your skills.
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Proofread carefully
Typos and errors can weaken an otherwise strong letter. Double-check grammar, spelling, and formatting to ensure your letter is polished and professional.
By understanding the differences between a cover letter and a letter of interest and tailoring each document to its purpose, you’ll maximize your chances of making a strong impression. Whether you’re applying for a specific job or starting a conversation with a company you admire, these tools can open doors to exciting opportunities.
